Saturday, July 30, 2016

Eighty-nine

The latest issue of LRB arrived today. It contains a piece by Adam Phillips, on Proust, which I read immediately. I knew, even as I read it, that I was making a mistake; but it wasn’t the mistake Phillips wrote about.

Phillips says Marcel, the narrator of À la Recherche du Temps Perdu, spends his youth fantasizing about aristocrats; but when he becomes an adult, and gets to know them, he discovers they’re not the glamorous people he’d imagined. According to Phillips, this teaches us it’s a mistake to gratify our desires. Whenever we get what we want, we always discover the reality is inferior to what we’d imagined. We should try to remain innocent, or ignorant (‘naïve’ is the word Phillips uses), in order to avoid being disillusioned. Perhaps this is what Proust taught Phillips, but it’s not what he taught me.

I defer gratification not because I fear reality won’t live up to what I've imagined, but because I want to prolong the pleasure of discovering the reality. I know it will be different from what I've imagined, and part of the pleasure for me is discovering how it differs. This is why I usually defer reading a piece by Phillips. He’s always a pleasure to read, stimulating even when I disagree with him.

This also seems to be one of the ways in which I differ from other people. Most of them want exactly what they imagine, which ensures reality will disappoint them.

Phillips seems to believe Marcel is an Everyman who speaks for us all. In reality he’s one of those unreliable narrators common in modern novels, who know less than their readers do. Marcel discovers that every one of the aristocrats he admired as a boy is in reality merely a silly snob, but he can't see that he's one, too; and by the end of the seventh volume he’s discovered that every one of the apparently heterosexual characters is in reality either bisexual or homosexual, but he remains ‘closeted’ to himself.

People usually disappoint me, but not because I have illusions about them. I think I know most people better than they know themselves; and what I know is that they could and should do better. They disappoint me not because I have unrealistically high expectations of them, but because they have unrealistically low expectations of themselves.

Friday, July 29, 2016

Eighty-eight

But I don’t enjoy talking with Justin, any more than I enjoy talking with Leonard.  

I continue to talk with Justin because he’s learned not to express his racist sexist prejudices when talking with me; but I know he hasn’t changed. 

He feels obligated to talk with me because he knows I have no one else to talk with - no one I enjoy talking with - and I feel obligated to talk with him because he thinks he’s doing me a favor. 

I wouldn’t talk with Leonard if Jennifer, before she left, hadn’t asked me – begged me – to look after her father. 

I just finished writing another letter to Jennifer. She feels obligated to write to me because I’m looking after her father, and I feel obligated to write back.

I can no longer even imagine meeting someone I could respect, and enjoy talking with. I can't imagine that, in the unlikely event I did meet someone I could respect, s/he would enjoy talking with someone as misanthropic as I. 

Saturday, July 23, 2016

Eighty-seven

Apparently the whole world is following the US election campaign. Justin watched the Republican Party convention live in Melbourne and telephoned me immediately afterwards, still laughing at Donald Trump’s acceptance speech in which the bombastic narcissist described himself as “humble and grateful” to be nominated. 

Trump’s speech was broadcast live on most of the television stations here in the US as well, but I didn’t watch it. I avoid as much as I can the theatrics that pass for politics in this country, so Justin knows more about it than I do.

My knowledge of European politics is about equal to his, but I know more about Asian politics than he does. Justin has no more interest in Indian politics than I have in US politics, despite having lived in Bangaluru for a decade, so we talk about European politics.   
    
I’d prefer not to talk about politics at all, but we have nothing else to talk about. During our last conversation, I mentioned that I’m currently reading Stefan Zweig’s The World of Yesterday and rereading Dante’s Inferno, but Justin said he’s never read the Inferno and never heard of Zweig.

I've come to enjoy talking with Justin, to the extent that I enjoy talking with anyone; but I’d prefer to be left alone.

I am alone. Everyone else - even Justin, who is more intelligent than most, and should know better - assumes that Trump is an extraordinary political phenomenon. They often say he could be another Hitler, not realizing that every ruler is potentially another Hitler. 

In times of crisis, people usually band together and help each other through it; but only at first. If the crisis continues, they start looking for someone stronger and wiser than they to tell them what to do. We're in such a crisis now, not surprisingly; we've been in one crisis after another ever since we created what we used to call civilization.

Sooner or later everything we build falls, because the foundation of what we used to call civilization is the enslavement and exploitation of one group by another, so it's unstable. People usually assume that rulers keep the ruled enslaved by force, but a minority – and the rulers are always a minority – can’t keep the majority enslaved by force alone. Only an idea – what Plato called a myth, and David Hume called opinion – can make the majority submit to a minority. We live not in the real world, but a world we’ve imagined. a prison of our own making.

Saturday, July 16, 2016

Eighty-six

I’ve been limiting myself to a canto a day, so it’s taken a while for the effect to accumulate; but I now remember what troubled me about the Inferno when I first read it, as a child.

At first it seems ridiculous that almost everyone in Hell should be not just Italian, but Florentine. But Dante is not just settling old scores. He damns even those who never harmed him, who on the contrary were good to him, merely because who or what they were offends him.

Some people can’t endure being indebted to others. This may be why Dante condemns Brunetto Latini, his guardian and teacher, to Hell. Of course it’s not Dante, but god, who condemns these sinners. Dante pities them. Hate the sin but love the sinner is the alibi with which the faux religious justify their sadism.

Sadism is so common that it’s easily overlooked, especially when expressed in beautiful terza rima.

Friday, July 8, 2016

Eight-five

It's 6:40 P.M. on a Friday, and I just received a telephone call from the doctor. He called to tell me that the results of yesterday's lab tests show my condition has improved. He sounded very happy about it, happier than I am. I'm more astonished that a doctor would call a patient at 6:40 P.M. on a Friday.

Thursday, June 30, 2016

Eighty-four

Leonard came over to my house this morning and said he had a sad story to tell me.

He thinks it's no longer safe for him to drive, so I’ve been driving him to his doctors’ appointments; but last Saturday he drove up north by himself. I assume he thought this will probably be the last time he’ll see his family.

He doesn’t have long distance telephone service (Nor do I. It’s one of the luxuries neither of us can afford now), so he wasn’t able to call any of his relatives before he left and tell them he was coming. Not surprisingly, it being the weekend, most of them weren’t home when he arrived

He went first to Danny’s farm, then to Joe’s and Sarah’s. There was no one home at either.

When he arrived at Jason's, there were police cars parked outside. Cindy, Jason’s wife, had hanged herself in the garage.

Leonard leaned forward and shouted this information at me in a loud voice, as he always does when telling me something he considers shocking, perhaps because nothing anyone does shocks me and I don't bother to pretend it does. 

Apparently not only suicide, but death, shocks him. He’s a Christian fundamentalist, as are all my neighbors; but instead of facing death serenely, confident of waking to eternal life, they’re all afraid of dying. 

Leonard refuses to visit friends or family members when they're in hospital, or attend their funerals (He didn’t stay for Cindy’s funeral). I, on the other hand, visit all my neighbors when they’re in hospital, and attend their funerals to comfort their families. 

They say they’re grateful for my visits because their friends and family members seldom come to see them. But I do it only out of habit. I no longer feel compassion for anyone. 

I’ve been rereading Dante’s Inferno, and it moves me as though I’m reading it for the first time. It’s not the good news of god's love, like the Paradiso, but Christianity as we know it now; a dark poem for a dark age. I should have paid more attention when I first read it, and heeded Virgil’s advice not to pity the damned.

Leonard said no one else in his family knows why Cindy killed herself, but he knows why. It’s because her life’s work was done. Amanda, her only child, no longer needs her, so there was no reason for Cindy to stay alive. 

Of course he was thinking of himself. He says repeatedly that he wants to meet god, but stays alive because Jennifer still needs him. 

I ask myself repeatedly why I stay alive. It's not to help others. Buddhists say illusions attach us to life. My illusion was to think I could help anyone. The damned choose their hell.

I stay alive because I can't bring myself to kill Bunin. No one is going to adopt a twelve-year-old cat, so I'll have to kill him before I kill myself.

Thursday, June 23, 2016

Eighty-three

“Are you depressed?” the doctor asked me this morning.

“Of course”, I replied. “Who isn’t?”

He isn’t. Why would he be? He belongs to the few who prosper from the suffering of the many.

He then asked “Do you have a living will?”

“I have nothing to leave,” I said, “and no one to leave it to.”

He said nothing more, even though I hadn’t answered his question.

Perhaps he thought I hadn’t understood it. But I know a living will - unlike an ordinary will, which would dispose of my property when I’m dead - would dispose of the only property I really own - my body - while I’m still alive but no longer in control of it.

Perhaps he thought I wasn’t ready to think about that. But I didn’t answer his question because there’s no reason for him to know I intend to kill myself while I’m still able to do so.  

Later, when I was home again and surfing the internet, I came across an article about trypophobia. This is a new phobia, but it’s spreading like the plague.

Trypophobes are disturbed, even nauseated, by the sight of surfaces perforated by clusters of holes. I think I know why.

A surface they don’t recognize, perforated by holes that are irregular and therefore presumably created by something natural rather than artificial, could remind them of skin pitted or pockmarked by disease.

Skin lesions are becoming a common sight in this age of epidemics from AIDS to Zika virus. Anyone who visits a hospital runs the risk of being infected with bacteria resistant to antibiotics. That infection can be deadly for a patient recovering from surgery, as she was.

People who see skin lesions easily imagine the worst, especially if they’ve never seen the worst. Perhaps the nausea that the sight of perforated surfaces arouses in some people is due to something other, and older, than their knowledge that pitted or pockmarked skin is the visible sign a body is infected by invisible bacteria. Perhaps they imagine the worst: a dead body infected, or infested, by visible parasites: maggots, worms and/or larvae.

Most people never see a dead body now that everyone who can afford to sends their aging relatives to a ‘home’. Apparently the sight of an old body is, for them, a disturbing enough memento mori. A body visibly diseased nauseates them because they fear the death of the body much more now that they no longer believe in the immortality of the soul.

When I was young, I wondered why supernatural horror fiction was popular. Imaginary monsters aren’t as frightening as the monstrous things real people do. Then I read a book that claimed horror fiction is all that remains of religion in this irreligious age. 

It said people no longer believe in the supernatural, but they’re willing to suspend their disbelief long enough to enjoy a ghost story. That may have been true when I was young, but now most people try to suspend their disbelief in the supernatural because they fear the natural.

They don’t fear death, because death is literally nothing. They fear losing their bodies while they’re still alive, living in a body that no longer seems their own because it’s no longer under their control. It's old, weak or worst of all infected, infested, by some parasite.

People fear parasites who feed on the living, not those who feed on the dead. They fear insects who lay their eggs on or in the body of some animal. After the larvae hatch, they feed on that body until they mature, at which time they leave their host as children, upon growing up, leave their mother. Thus fear of dying, which the sight of an old and/or diseased body arouses in some people, merges with another fear, equally old.

Most people never mature. They refuse to grow up because they fear growing old. They merely learn how adults are expected to behave, and try to conform.

Refusing to grow up need not be a problem for women because they’re expected to be childlike, as dependent on men as children are on their parents. But the more men long to be children, the more they fear being dominated by their wives as they were dominated by their mothers. 

Men dominate women because they fear being dominated by them. They dominate women not because they possess more of whatever qualities supposedly make humans superior to (other) animals, such as the ability to reason, but because like willful children they’ll do anything to get their way.

Men make war because it does not merely permit them, it requires them, to stop behaving rationally, like human beings. The warrior’s power to kill undoes the woman’s power to give birth.    

But men and women are alike in that just as most men seek to control their wives and children, so most women seek to control their husbands and children, and for the same reason: they can’t or won’t control themselves, and fear being controlled by others.

Freud said women see themselves as castrated. They want children because they see a baby as a surrogate penis. Freud was not aware that men and women are more alike than they are different in that most of them feel powerless, and for the same reason.

What women want is not a penis, real or surrogate, because they can see having one is of little advantage to most men. What most women, and most men, want is power.

Men and women are alike in that the only kind of power they can imagine having is power over others; and the only people over whom they will ever have such power are their own children. But much as they want children, they also fear them.

Men enjoy playing the strong and powerful paterfamilias; but they fear their wives and children will see through their pretense, realize how weak they really are and take advantage of them.

Motherhood gives women power, but for most of history they had cause to fear becoming pregnant because they often died in childbirth. Thus men and women both want children, but also fear them.

Our ancestors believed newborns are less than human until they've undergone some initiation ritual, such as baptism; or rather they pretended to believe it, because that made it easier to kill them.

Infanticide used to be the most common way people killed unwanted infants because abortion could injure or even kill the mother; but killing a baby after it’s emerged from the womb is more difficult than killing it while it’s still hidden inside the mother's body.

Looking at a newborn baby and pretending it’s not human requires a high degree of self-deception; but people learn to deceive themselves about this, just as when they want to go to war, they learn to pretend those who were their neighbors are now inhuman monsters. People learn to pretend not to know what they know in order to do what they want to do.

Now people no longer want children. They want to be children. They want to forget the past and the crimes they’ve committed, more monstrous than any in fiction, and be born again. They want to believe, or suspend their disbelief, in a loving and forgiving god. But they can’t.

The horror fiction of my youth was about ghosts and vampires, the dead who won’t stay dead. Later the demonic newborn replaced the dead, beginning with Rosemary’s Baby, who will one day grow up to be the AntiChrist. People fear the future because try as they will, they can’t forget the past.   

Now the demonic newborn has ceased to appear human and become completely monstrous, a parasitic larva growing inside a human body. An example is the Alien film franchise in which Ripley, the warrior woman, does battle with a reptilian alien mother who lays her eggs in living human bodies, usually male (the horror that motherhood is the biological destiny of women is thus made doubly horrible by imposing it on men).

Trypophobes are revulsed not by just any perforated surface, but only by apparently naturally occurring perforations in living things, such as plants with bulging seed pods, or bubbles bursting on the surface of dough fermenting with yeast. These holes can be interpreted as signs of either generation or disease. Trypophobes apparently see no difference.  Both holes arouse in them the revulsion some people feel at the sight of skin lesions, and Freud said some men feel at the sight of the female sexual organs.

They’re disgusted not because women have a gaping hole where men have a penis, which Freud claimed arouses in men castration anxiety, but because women have a hole in their bodies from which new life can emerge. A hole in diseased flesh from which parasitic larvae may emerge reminds them of the hole from which a baby emerges from its mother’s body, and vice versa. Both remind them of death and birth at once because new life reminds them they’re growing old.

On the other hand, perhaps perforated surfaces don't remind trypophobes of anything so specific. Perhaps this increasingly dangerous world makes them so anxious that any unfamiliar object – or a familiar object they don’t immediately recognise – looks threatening.

It’s the resemblance to holes in skin that I would find disturbing, if I found holes in skin disturbing; but I got used to it years ago, when I had my first attack of stigmata. Now I’m content if they don’t bleed.

My body disgusts me now because every body disgusts me now.